华山新生代隆升-剥蚀历史的裂变径迹热年代学分析   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

吴中海  吴珍汉  万景林  周春景 《地质科技情报》2003,22(3):27-32

综合分析前人的热年代学数据发现华山地区自晚白垩世以来至少经历了三次快速隆升阶段，在120—57Ma间华山经历了缓慢隆升过程，约57Ma以来华山开始相对渭河地堑的快速隆升。其中，57—42Ma间、32—22Ma间和约8Ma以来均为相对快速隆升阶段，视隆升速度约为0．18～0．23mm／a；而42—32Ma问和22～8Ma间则为相对缓慢隆升过程，视隆升速度约为0．01mm／a。约57Ma以来华山的隆升—剥蚀量约为8．5km，平均隆升速度约为0．15mm／a；约32Ma以来的总隆升幅度约为4．5～5．1km，平均视隆升速度约为0．14～0．16mm／a。晚中生代以来华山的隆升过程实际上反映的是东秦岭的隆升过程，与区域地貌结构和周缘断陷盆地的演化过程有密切的成因联系，它表明东秦岭地区的三级等高峰顶面是120—57Ma、42—32Ma和22～8Ma间山脉缓慢隆升—剥蚀的结果，同时反映57—55Ma是渭河盆地开始快速裂陷和秦岭北麓正断层开始强烈活动的时间。  相似文献   

长江三角洲长江以北地区全新世以来人地关系的环境考古研究   总被引：14，自引：10，他引：14  

朱诚  张强  张芸  张之恒  沈明洁 《地理科学》2003,23(6):705-712

通过长江三角洲长江以北地区高邮龙虬庄和海安青墩两个新石器时代考古遗址剖面粒度、磁化率、孢粉以及年代学测定，较为全面地分析了该区全新世以来生态环境变化与人类文明兴衰的相互关系，研究结果表明：在有人类活动以前，该区距离海洋较远，但受海面变化影响强烈。此后，气候向暖湿方向发展，7000—6000间的大西洋温暖湿润气候以及3700aB．P．左右期间，该区气候适宜，人类文明在这样的适宜气侯条件下得到长足发展。值得注意的是，海安青墩遗址剖面中出现厚达1m多的自然沉积地层，粒度分析以及孢粉分析表明，这一自然沉积地层是4000aB．P．以来的海侵事件所致，正是这次海侵事件，使研究区人类文明得以衰落。  相似文献   

Absolute velocity of North America during the Mesozoic from paleomagnetic data     

Myrl E. Beck  Jr.  Bernard A. Housen 《Tectonophysics》2003,377(1-2):33

We use paleomagnetic data to map Mesozoic absolute motion of North America, using paleomagnetic Euler poles (PEP). First, we address two important questions: (1) How much clockwise rotation has been experienced by crustal blocks within and adjacent to the Colorado Plateau? (2) Why is there disagreement between the apparent polar wander (APW) path constructed using poles from southwestern North America and the alternative path based on poles from eastern North America? Regarding (1), a 10.5° clockwise rotation of the Colorado Plateau about a pole located near 35°N, 102°W seems to fit the evidence best. Regarding (2), it appears that some rock units from the Appalachian region retain a hard overprint acquired during the mid-Cretaceous, when the geomagnetic field had constant normal polarity and APW was negligible.We found three well-defined small-circle APW tracks: 245–200 Ma (PEP at 39.2°N, 245.2°E, R=81.1°, root mean square error (RMS)=1.82°), 200–160 Ma (38.5°N, 270.1°E, R=80.4°, RMS=1.06°), 160 to 125 Ma (45.1°N, 48.5°E, R=60.7°, RMS=1.84°). Intersections of these tracks (the “cusps” of Gordon et al. [Tectonics 3 (1984) 499]) are located at 59.6°N, 69.5°E (the 200 Ma or “J1” cusp) and 48.9°N, 144.0°E (the 160 Ma or “J2” cusp). At these times, the absolute velocity of North America appears to have changed abruptly.North America absolute motion also changed abruptly at the beginning and end of the Cretaceous APW stillstand, currently dated at about 125 and 88 Ma (J. Geophys. Res. 97 (1992b) 19651). During this interval, the APW path degenerates into a single point, implying rotation about an Euler pole coincident with the spin axis.Using our PEP and cusp locations, we calculate the absolute motion of seven points on the North American continent. Our intention is to provide a chronological framework for the analysis of Mesozoic tectonics. Clearly, if APW is caused by plate motion, abrupt changes in absolute motion should correlate with major tectonic events. This follows because large accelerations reflect important changes in the balance of forces acting on the plate, the most important of which are edge effects (subduction, terrane accretion, etc.). Some tectonic interpretations: (1) The J1 cusp may be associated with the inception of rifting of North America away from land masses to the east; the J2 cusp seems to mark the beginning of rapid spreading in the North Atlantic. (2) The J2 cusp signals the beginning of a period of rapid northwestward absolute motion of western North America; motion of tectonostratigraphic terranes in the westernmost Cordillera seems likely to have been directed toward the south during this interval. (3) The interval 88 to 80 Ma saw a rapid decrease in the paleolatitude of North America; unless this represents a period of true polar wander, terrane motion during this time should have been relatively northward.  相似文献   

A methane fuse for the Cambrian explosion: carbon cycles and true polar wander   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Joseph L. Kirschvink  Timothy D. Raub 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2003,335(1):65-78

The dramatic diversification of animal groups known as the Cambrian Explosion (evolution's ‘Big Bang’) remains an unsolved puzzle in Earth Science. The Vendian–Cambrian interval is characterized by anomalously high rates of apparent plate motion, interpreted as True Polar Wander (TPW), and by more than a dozen large, high-frequency perturbations in carbon isotopes that dwarf all others observed through the past 65 million years. We suggest that these biological, tectonic, and geochemical events are intimately related in the following fashion. First, tropical continental margins and shelf-slopes which formed during fragmentation of the supercontinent Rodinia accumulated massive quantities of isotopically-light organic carbon during Late Neoproterozoic time, as indicated by strikingly heavy isotope ratios in inorganic carbon during interglacial intervals. Second, an initial phase of Vendian TPW moved these organic-rich deposits to high latitude, where conditions favored trapping biogenic methane in layers of gas hydrate and perhaps permafrost. Continued sedimentation during Late Vendian time added additional hydrate/gas storage volume and stabilized underlying units until the geothermal gradient moved them out of the clathrate stability field, building up deep reservoirs of highly pressurized methane. Finally, a burst of TPW brought these deposits back to the Tropics, where they gradually warmed and were subjected to regional-scale thermohaline eddy variation and related sedimentation regime changes. Responding to the stochastic character of such changes, each reservoir reached a critical failure point independently at times throughout the Cambrian. By analogy with the Late Paleocene Thermal Maximum event, these methane deposits yield transient, greenhouse-induced pulses of global warming when they erupt. Temperature correlates powerfully with biodiversity; the biochemical kinetics of metabolism at higher temperature decrease generation time and maintain relatively rich and dense invertebrate populations. Repeated thermal pulses along with progressive disruption and alteration of global ocean circulation patterns by TPW could cause the increase in diversity that accompanied the radiation of metazoans. We suggest that a methane ‘fuse’ ignited the Cambrian Evolutionary Explosion.  相似文献   

一次与西南低涡相联系的低空急流的数值研究   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9       下载免费PDF全文

王智  高坤  翟国庆 《大气科学》2003,27(1):75-85

梅雨期西南低涡的东移发展与长江中下游降水的加强有密切关系,作者采用中尺度模式对一次西南低涡及其伴随低空急流的发展演变进行了数值模拟.模拟结果表明:在长江中下游大巴山地区低空急流先于西南涡东移发展;西南低涡及低空急流的生成发展在开始阶段与中层(400 hPa)的弱辐散密切相关;南风分量在西南低空急流的演变发展过程中起着更为主动的作用;南风分量增大中心位于南风分量中心的前方,促使南风分量中心东移;南风分量的动量方程收支分析表明水平平流项和产生项是促使南风分量变化的主要作用项,水平平流项和垂直平流项大部分相互抵消,科里奥利项的作用不可忽视,而其他项的值较小,在个别阶段和地区行星边界层项的作用在低层也较大.  相似文献   

“2002.6.30”滇中低涡暴雨的中尺度分析   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

郭荣芬  鲁亚斌 《气象》2003,29(2):29-33

利用MICAPS常规资料和GMS卫星云图，3830—C多普勒雷达观测资料，对2002年6月30日发生于滇中地区的暴雨天气过程进行诊断和分析，发现暴雨过程由中低层低涡切变造成，暴雨区与垂直速度及涡度所表现的强烈上升区对应，并伴有高能高湿条件；同时卫星云图上有中尺度低涡云团发展。多普勒雷达回波资料分析表明，暴雨过程中出现了明显的中尺度系统，如中尺度辐合线、中尺度气旋、逆风区等，具有典型的对流型特征。  相似文献   

Gutenberg-Richter公式和灰色理论GM模型在地震预测中的联合应用     

陆明勇  杨立明 《地震研究》2003,26(2):136-141

以华北地区 (33°～ 4 3°N ,10 9°～ 12 4°E)地震为例 ,用Gutenberg -Richter公式研究了地震均匀分布情况。结果表明 :自 1970年到 2 0 0 1年以来 ,本地区 2 0≤M <4 0的地震偏少、 4 0≤M <6 0的地震偏多、 6 0≤M<7 0的地震偏少、M≥ 7 0的地震偏多 ;然后择其将导致本地区较大社会影响、人员伤亡、经济损失的偏少地震——— 6 0≤M <7 0级地震进行灰色理论GM模型预测。通过上面的应用 ,使两理论优点在地震预测中得到结合 ,地震预测更有的放矢 ,预测结果更可信、更有效。  相似文献   

大气对流边界层中的涡漩结构   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

桑建国 《气象学报》1997,55(3):285-296

大气边界层中存在尺度从几百米到几十公里的大涡漩运动。它们在边界层中动量、热量、水汽等垂直输送中起重要作用。作者从边界层中对流和上部稳定层中波动相互作用的观点，发展得出大涡结构的对流波动理论。根据此理论，大涡的波谱构成主要由上、下层大气中风向、风速、层结以及两层之间的温度跃变等因素决定。本文根据卫星云图和天气资料分析了一次冷空气爆发流经暖洋面上形成云街、对流单体以及它们之间的相互演化的过程，并用对流波动理论，依据各阶段的大气条件计算出它们的波数构成，并得出了垂直速度、辐合带、界面扰动的分布，解释了云街、对流单体的形成、结构及相互转化的原因  相似文献   

冀北印支期碱性岩浆活动及其地球动力学意义   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

张招崇  王永强 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》1997,(4)

冀北印支期碱性岩浆活动及其地球动力学意义张招崇（中国地质科学院地质研究所，北京１０００３７）王永强（中国地质科学院西安地质矿产研究所，西安７１００５４）关键词碱性岩浆印支期冀北地球动力学燕山地区是否存在印支期的构造、岩浆活动一直存在着争论。过去多数人...  相似文献   

晋北后所金矿床地质特征及矿床成因   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

姚克明  温常贵  景俊强  乔红 《地质找矿论丛》1997,12(3):58-67

后所金矿是产在五台群变质岩中的金矿床，有含金黄铁矿石英脉型和蚀变岩型两种矿化类型本文论述了后所金矿的地质特征，矿物组成，微量元素，稳定同位素地球化学和矿物馀本学特征，探讨了金矿的物质来源和金矿成因，指出了金矿的演化和最后定位于燕山中晚期。  相似文献